In which type of deed does the grantor only warrant against claims arising during their ownership?

The special warranty deed is characterized by the grantor's limited warranty of title. Under this type of deed, the grantor only guarantees that they have not done anything during their period of ownership that would impair the title of the property. This means that the grantor is not making any assurances regarding claims that might have arisen before their ownership. This limited scope of warranty is what distinguishes the special warranty deed from the general warranty deed, which provides broader protections by warranting against claims both during and prior to the grantor's ownership.

Comparatively, a quitclaim deed offers no warranties at all regarding the title. It simply conveys whatever interest the grantor has, with no guarantee of any claim or interest, making it less secure for the grantee. A grant deed is similar to a special warranty deed but typically includes an assurance that the grantor has not sold the property to another party, adding a bit more security than a special warranty deed but not as comprehensively as a general warranty deed. Thus, in the context of this question, the special warranty deed is the correct answer as it specifically pertains to the warranty against claims only during the grantor's ownership.